The collapse of the Minoans, who ruled Crete around 1450 B.C., sparked the emergence of a new royal power in the Aegean waters. The Mycenaeans, the Mycenaean royal family and the notables resided in magnificent palaces decorated with colorful frescoes within walled cities situated on high hills in Greece, while the common people lived in rural areas, working in sectors such as agriculture and animal husbandry, and paying taxes to the palace. Tablets written in Linear B script provide traces of an economic life under palace control, while olive oil, wine and textile products appear to have been the main production goods. It is understood that scents, whose raw material is olive oil, found buyers in markets from Western Anatolia to the Eastern Mediterranean, as supported by archaeological findings.
The tablets also share some important information that can give a general profile of the Mycenaeans. For example, in the Mycenaeans, where a hierarchical state order was observed, the king, known as wanax, was at the top of this order. However, it is understood that society was divided into classes. On one side, there were elites connected to the palace, and on the other side, there were workers and slaves who received simple, survival food rations from the palace. The names of the gods and goddesses that reflected the roots of the later Hellen pantheon, and the religious rituals and feasts held in their name are also learned thanks to the tablets.
Parallel to the existence of the Mycenaean Civilization in Greece, it is understood that a political power referred to as Ahhiyawa in Hittite sources emerged in Western Anatolia and the Aegean Islands from 1400 B.C. onwards.