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Z4ELSMFDWG
26,64 EUR
CURRENT ARCHAEOLOGY ISSUE 33 TRADE
Approximately 4000 years ago, a large trade network was formed around the Mediterranean. It was a period when cultural, political and commercial relations of large and small states, kings and empires were very rapid. 2000 BC was a very special period in the history of civilization.
Approximately 4000 years ago, a large trade network was formed around the Mediterranean. It was a period in which the cultural, political and commercial relations of large and small states, kings and empires were experienced very rapidly in 2000 BC and it is a very special period in the history of civilization. On one side, Egypt, on the other Anatolia and Mesopotamia, and on the other side, the Minoan-Mycenaean, a seafaring people, were part of a large trade network. In these centuries, when a global trade network was formed with feelings that were not literally imperial, one of the most special periods in the history of civilization was experienced. It was a dynamic and complex period with caravans carrying raw materials from one place to another, trade ships carrying manufactured works of art and gifts. For example, many valuable objects of Egyptian origin could be sold in any country in the world or Minoan style ceramics could be sold in the market of any city in Anatolia. Raw materials of Anatolian or Cypriot origin were sent to production centers to be processed through this trade network. Anatolia, which constituted the most important part of this trade network, was included in the 2nd millennium BC in two different periods.
Firstly, in the early 2nd millennium BC, during the time of local kingdoms, especially Kanesh, which is within the borders of today's Kayseri, was a very important leg of the trade network. Karum, a trade market settlement established near the main city, had a magnificent international culture that perhaps the world dreams of today. Merchants from all over the world were trying to sell and buy products from all over the world in different languages. This period was a great source of wealth and information for Anatolia. Because writing first came to Anatolia during this period through Assyrian merchants and everything was recorded so beautifully that thousands of tablets have survived to the present day. The second period was a period of centralized power that began with the arrival of the Hittites in Anatolia. Karum was destroyed and then a centralized power that took control of the trade network was established, the Hittite Empire. The Hittites began to intervene in the world trade network and benefit from it from the first quarter of the 2nd millennium BC. It had become an empire that carried word and trade from Troy to Cyprus, from Egypt to the Mycenaean world.
Thanks to this trade network established by mankind approximately 4000 years ago, the world was perhaps closer and more in touch than ever before. High-level gift and correspondence exchanges between kingdoms, relations between merchants and local people, and local and traditional production, albeit global, left a rich period with magnificent works that have survived to the present day. Anatolia is one of the most special geographies of the world in terms of the cultural richness of the 2nd millennium BC because the trade carried out in the Mediterranean during this period has survived to the present day with many shipwrecks. Uluburun, which is considered to be the richest shipwreck among these, has provided a chance to understand the history of civilization today.
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