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CURRENT ARCHAEOLOGY 38TH ISSUE LINE
A few issues ago, we interviewed Prof. Dr. Önder Bilgi based on his book on "Human Images from Anatolia". Our interview focused on the changes in Anatolia at the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. The great migrations of the peoples of Indo-European origin, the end of the city-states in Mesopotamia, the strengthening of the central Akkadian Kingdom and the beginning of military activity, and the trade relations that began with Assyria, seemed to have put Anatolia in a great cultural and historical transformation.
So, before this major socio-cultural and economic change that we can see historically,
What was Anatolia like? The Hattians, an agricultural society whose names we learned from Akkadian sources, had long been a subject we had been interested in but had never been able to address. In the previous few issues, we had covered topics such as global trade in the 2nd millennium BC and later, Kültepe, and the origin of writing, and had mostly covered the developments that occurred with the introduction of trade and writing to Anatolia. In this issue, we wanted to take a look back to the 2nd millennium and tell the brief history of these ancient, indigenous, agricultural, rich, and perhaps happy people of Anatolia. The most important findings that tell us about 2nd millennium BC Anatolia come from settlements such as Alaca Höyük tombs, Mahmatlar, Horoztepe, Eskiyapar, Hasanoğlan, and Resuloğlu, where very important information has recently begun to come. The Alaca Höyük findings in particular offer us a great perspective in terms of understanding these early indigenous peoples of Anatolia. The world is changing. The phenomenon we call change includes countless elements and progresses in many dimensions. This change, which we can group under two headings as culture and nature (which we can also call an evolutionary process), is the current extension of the Industrial Revolution that began approximately 250 years ago. The change that began with the Industrial Revolution will perhaps progress faster than the Neolithic Revolution, but no matter how fast, this change seems to continue for the next millennium. This process of change that Turkey entered half a century ago is causing great destruction, extinction and, according to different segments, degeneration in nature and culture. The third element that is most affected by this process, along with nature and humans, is the cultural remains that humans have produced for thousands of years in order to exist. Developing cities and changing human relations are also rapidly destroying the past. The hotel planned to be built in the ancient city of Phaselis, the destruction of protected areas in Istanbul, the practices in İzmir Kemalpaşa, the ones in Çanakkale and dozens more are indicators of what we are experiencing... What should we do for our archaeological values that are being destroyed more and more each passing day by road, dam and hotel constructions, the destruction of nature, unconsciousness and indifference, as well as treasure hunters? Whether we accept it or not, we will constantly hear and see news of violations against archaeological sites from all over Turkey. Archaeologists, ancient scientists, restorers, conservators and all institutions and organizations directly or indirectly related to the subject should come together without wasting time to guide today and the coming decades and draw up urgent archaeological plans.
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